Which of the following statements best defines recombinant dna technology?

Technology based on recombinant DNA. In biology, recombinant DNA technology is a crucial research tool. It enables the manipulation of DNA fragments for laboratory research. A fragment of DNA is inserted into a bacterial or yeast cell using a number of scientific techniques. Once inside, the bacteria or yeast will duplicate both the DNA and their own. Important proteins like insulin and growth hormone that are utilised in the treatment of human ailments have been produced with success using recombinant DNA technology.

Recombinant organisms are built on early experiments.

While recombinant DNA technology initially appeared in the 1960s and 1970s, the fundamentals of recombination were known for a long time before that. Indeed, Frederick Griffith, an English medical officer researching the pneumonia-causing bacteria in London, first demonstrated what he called “genetic transformation” in 1928. In this case, living cells absorbed genetic material released by other cells and underwent phenotypic “transformation” due to the new genetic information. Oswald Avery continued Griffith’s research more than ten years later and discovered the changing molecule, which turned out to be DNA. These studies demonstrated that DNA may be transferred between lab-grown cells, altering the genetic phenotype of an organism.

The notion that the genetic material was a particular substance that could be altered and transferred into cells was clearly debatable prior to these groundbreaking research. However, before the explosion in recombinant DNA could start, researchers would need to master the techniques for isolating and modifying specific genes in addition to DNA transfer.

In Mammalian Cells, ectors

The identification of a vector for successfully delivering genes into mammalian cells was the fourth significant advancement in the field of recombinant DNA technology. Researchers discovered, in particular, that recombinant DNA may be inserted into the SV40 virus, a disease that affects both humans and animals. In fact, a team led by Paul Berg of Stanford University included pieces of phage DNA as well as an E. coli section containing the galactose operon into the SV40 genome in 1972. (The E. coli galactose operon is a group of genes involved in the metabolism of galactose sugar.)

Their success was significant because it showed that recombinant DNA technology could be used to almost any DNA sequences, regardless of how unrelated the species from which they originated were. These researchers, in their own words, “discovered biochemical methods that are broadly applicable for covalently connecting any two DNA molecules” (Jackson et al., 1972). Even though they didn’t actually achieve it in this experiment, the researchers offered (proven) how to introduce foreign DNA into a mammalian cell.

Since these early investigations, researchers have developed several varieties of recombinant animals using recombinant DNA methods, both for academic research and the economic production of human proteins. For instance, it is now possible to genetically modify cells to make hormones in large quantities that were previously only possible through small-scale extraction from human cadavers using mice, goats, and cows. In reality, the capacity to introduce new genes into cells, plants, and animals is the foundation of the whole biotechnology business. These technologies will continue to serve as the cornerstone for a new generation of discoveries and medical breakthroughs when significant new proteins and genes are discovered by scientists.